Consistency and validity of the inventory of callous- unemotional traits in a multi-centric community sample.

The purpose of this research was to validate the Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits in a multi-centric community sample of Colombian children and adolescents aged between 9 and 18 years. An adapted version to the Colombian Spanish was applied to 903 school students without significant medical background (neurotypical behavior), and 118 with a clinical history of internalizing or externalizing conditions. A group of specialized judges approved the content validity of the instrument in terms of relevance and intelligibility, but concept factorial validity was low for the uncaring and callousness factors. Exploratory factor analysis confirmed the existence of three dimensions (uncaring, unemotional, and callousness), but only 17 out of 24 items demonstrated adequate psychometric statistics. The consistency for the 17-item Colombian adaptation was acceptable (α = .78). Goodness-of-fit calculated through confirmatory analysis was satisfactory for a bifactor structure (model C). Neurotypical participants showed lower total scores in comparison to the other groups. Participants with internalizing conditions had higher unemotional traits, while those with externalizing behaviors more commonly presented uncaring behaviors. This study is important for psychopathy research in Colombia as provides a validated adaption of the most used instrument to assess callous-unemotional traits in children and adolescents.

Placenta accreta spectrum disorders in the first trimester: a systematic review.

Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders involve an abnormality in the implantation of the placenta, being rarely diagnosed in the first trimester. To conduct a systematic review of the risk factors, clinical and imaging features, and outcomes of histopathologically confirmed cases of PAS disorders in the first trimester of pregnancy. Different databases including PubMed, MEDLINE Complete, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, SciELO, LILACS, and Ovid were reviewed up to November 2018. 55 patients with a definitive histopathological diagnosis were reported. About 18 had a history of prior curettage and 47 of previous caesarean deliveries (CD). About 74.54% presented with miscarriage and ultrasound signs of caesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) were reported in 22.49%. Temporal sequence of diagnostic studies could be determined in 52 women, and, among these, PAS disorders were defined through imaging techniques in 11 (21.15%) while surgical findings unveiled them in 15 (28.84%). Nonetheless, in half of the cases, the diagnosis was concluded only on histopathological samples. PAS disorders in the first trimester of pregnancy are rarely diagnosed through imaging techniques and lead to hysterectomy in most cases. Ultrasound training to detect PAS disorders in women with risk factors is crucial for early diagnosis and prevention of adverse outcomes.

Parkinson's disease prevalence, age distribution and staging in Colombia.

Parkinson's disease (PD) has the second highest prevalence among neurodege - nerative diseases. In Colombia, PD population dynamics are currently unknown. Health records offer a unique resource to study frequency and multi-morbidity of chronic diseases. The aim of this research is to estimate prevalence and staging using administrative data (AD) provided by Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs). A cross-sectional study was conducted using 2015 AD from two Colombian HMOs (4.312.928 beneficiaries, 9.01% of the affiliated Colombian population). PD prevalence and severity was estimated by age and sex. Prevalence was adjusted to WHO demographics. Age-adjusted PD prevalence was 205.89 per 100.000 inhabitants. Prevalence increment of 62.13% was found between those aged ≥40 years and those aged ≥50 years. Similarly, each extra decade (50-80+) represented an increment of 83.65%, 80.95%, and 35.10%. Between 40 and 89 years, males exhibited a significantly higher PD prevalence compared to females. Advanced PD was more frequent as age increased from 3.77% in the group between 40 to 49 years to 25.86% in those older than 89 years. More common related comorbidities were arterial hypertension, diabetes, and psychiatric disorders; the first two increased their frequency with age, and the last one maintained its prevalence across all age groups. AD sets are useful to estimate the prevalence and staging of PD. Prevalence of PD in Colombia is higher in men and increases with age, as well as disease severity.

Gender differences in the association between theory of mind, empathy and conduct disorder: A cross-sectional study / Diferencias de género en la asociación entre teoría de la mente, empatía y trastorno de conducta: Un estudio transversal

Abstract The purpose of this research was to explore gender differences regarding theory of mind and empathy abilities in a sample of adolescents with conduct disorder (n=46; males=28 and females=18). Empathy (cognitive and emotional dimensions) and theory of mind (reading the mind through the eyes) were tested based on an observational method with a crosssectional design. Statistical analysis included: description of variables according to their type, assessment of quantitative correlations and logistic multivariate modelling for identifying variables that differentiate female from male patients. The results demonstrated significant gender differences in empathy and theory of mind evaluations. Particularly, women showed different scores for cognitive/emotional empathy and in the Reading the Mind through the Eyes test, with a lower number of behavioural symptoms. The results are discussed in light of the current empirical evidence, and some future directions in the study of conduct disorder are suggested.

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar las diferencias de género en habilidades de teoría de la mente y empatía en una muestra de adolescentes con trastorno de conducta (n=46; 28 hombres y 18 mujeres). Se determinó un abordaje observacional con un diseño de corte transversal mediante el cual se evaluó la empatía (dimensiones cognitiva y afectiva) y teoría de la mente (lectura de la mirada). El análisis estadístico incluyó la descripción de las variables de acuerdo con su naturaleza, la evaluación de correlaciones cuantitativas, y el diseño de un modelo logístico multivariado para identificar las variables que diferencian los pacientes según su género. Los resultados indicaron diferencias significativas por género tanto en empatía como en teoría de la mente. Las mujeres presentaron de manera consistente diferencias en los niveles de empatía cognitiva/afectiva y test de la mirada, con un menor número de síntomas de conducta. Los resultados se discuten a la luz de la evidencia empírica actual y se sugieren algunas direcciones futuras en el estudio del trastorno de conducta.

Relación entre lenguaje expresivo y receptivo y habilidades prelectoras / Relationship between expressive and receptive and pre-reading skills

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer las relaciones entre habilidades de lenguaje expresivo y receptivo y habilidades prelectoras en niños en edad preescolar. Usando un diseño metodológico empírico observacional de corte transversal se evaluaron las habilidades de lenguaje oral y habilidades fonológicas a un total de 106 preescolares. Los modelos de regresión multivariante señalan que las habilidades expresivas explican una mayor varianza de habilidades fonológicas implicadas en la detección de rimas y sonidos iniciales de las palabras, precursores importantes para el aprendizaje posterior de la lectoescritura.

Abstract The objective of this study was to establish the relationship of receptive and expressive language abilities with pre-reading skills in preschoolers. An observational and cross-sectional study was carried out by evaluating oral language abilities and phonological skills in a total sample of 106 children. Multivariate regression models pointed out that expressive abilities significantly explain the variance of the phonological skills implied in the detection of rhymes and initial phonemes, which are important precursors for the subsequent literacy learning.

Clinical and neuroimaging spectrum of hyperglycemia-associated chorea-ballism: systematic review and exploratory analysis of case reports.

Hyperglycemia-associated chorea-ballism (HCB) is an infrequent neurological syndrome occurring predominantly in elderly females and in the setting of non-ketotic hyperglycemia (NKH). A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. Studies published between 1980 and 2018 that reported demographic, clinical, laboratory and imaging features from patients with HCB were screened. 136 studies describing 286 patients were included in the analysis. The patients included had a median age of 72 years; those with ketotic hyperglycemia (KH) were older (p<0.001). Women and NKH patients were the most frequently affected (63% and 92%, respectively). The median glucose level at admission was 420 mg/dL (IQR 328-535), and was significantly higher in KH (p=0.009). Moreover, the absence of a clear lesion on imaging studies and the finding of bilateral imaging evidence of lesions were each more frequent in the KH group (p=0.036 and p=0.008, respectively). 48 cases (19.4%) presented with bilateral CT/MRI lesions, having higher values of plasma osmolarity compared with the patients with unilateral lesions (p=0.011). Every patient received hypoglycemic treatment, but only 174 (60.84%) were prescribed neuroleptics. 213 patients (84.86%) showed a total recovery, after a median of 14 days (IQR 3-31). Bilateral chorea-ballism was supported by bilateral imaging evidence of involvement in only 60% of the cases (positive predictive value). Patients not prescribed neuroleptics, with negative lentiform nucleus involvement, and age within the third tertile (≥ 78 years) had an odds ratio of 6.6 (CI 95% 1.18-141.10) for a complete clinical recovery. Significant differences were identified between types of hyperglycemia and regarding the clinical and imaging laterality features. Furthermore, the predictor variables evaluated showed potential utility for assessing the prognosis of HCB patients.

Radiología intervencionista en trauma vascular periférico: Serie de casos / Interventional Radiology for the Management of Peripheral Vascular Trauma: Case Series

Antecedentes: El trauma es la tercera causa de mortalidad en la población mundial y la primera en el grupo etario de adultos menores de 44 años; de esta cifra, el 40-70 % se atribuyen al trauma vascular periférico. Tradicionalmente, el manejo quirúrgico ha sido la primera opción de tratamiento. No obstante, con los recientes avances tecnológicos y el auge de la radiología intervencionista, se han obtenido resultados exitosos a partir de opciones terapéuticas como las endoprótesis. Objetivo: Mostrar tres experiencias exitosas en el manejo con endoprótesis del trauma vascular de cuello, miembro superior e inferior, en un hospital de alta complejidad de Colombia. Casos clínicos: Se trata de tres pacientes con trauma vascular periférico producto de heridas por arma cortopunzante, en dos hombres, y por proyectil de arma de fuego en una mujer. En dos de los casos se evidenciaron pseudoaneurismas. En los tres casos se obtuvo adecuada resolución y exclusión de la circulación de las lesiones. Conclusión: El compromiso vascular ha aumentado su frecuencia en el contexto del trauma, por lo cual, es de importancia conocer su manejo óptimo. Actualmente, la reparación endovascular con endoprótesis en el trauma vascular periférico es un procedimiento mínimamente invasivo y con excelentes desenlaces para pacientes adecuadamente seleccionados.

Background: Trauma is the third leading cause of death among the world population and the first in adults under 44 years; from this, 40-70% is represented by peripheral vascular trauma. Traditionally, surgical management has been the first choice of treatment. However, with the technological advances in interventional radiology, successful outcomes have been obtained from therapeutical options such as with stent placement. Objective: To present three successful experiences after stent placement for the treatment of neck, upper and lower limbs vascular trauma at a high complexity hospital from Colombia. Clinical Cases: Three patients presented with peripheral vascular trauma, two men were wounded by sharp weapons men and one woman by a gunshot. In two of them, there was evidence of pseudoaneurysms. In the three cases, adequate resolution and exclusion from circulation were achieved. Conclusion: Vascular trauma has an increased frequency in general trauma context; hence, it is important to recognize its ideal management. Currently, stent placement for the management of peripheral vascular trauma is a minimally invasive procedure with excellent outcomes for properly selected patients.

Neurotoxicología de plaguicidas prevalentes en la región Andina Colombiana / Neurotoxicology of prevalent pesticides in Colombian Andean region

Introducción: según la Organización Mundial de la Salud, hay tres millones de casos al año por intoxicaciones con plaguicidas, de estas, una décima parte son letales. La mayoría de estas intoxicaciones ocurren en países del tercer mundo, a pesar que menos de un quinto de los plaguicidas disponibles son usados en estas regiones. Objetivo: describir la sintomatología clínica de las intoxicaciones por plaguicidas neurotóxicos prevalentes en la región Andina colombiana. Materiales y Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en bases de datos como Medline (PubMed), Scielo y Latindex desde marzo a diciembre de 2013. Debido al objetivo de la presente revisión, los descriptores estrictamente utilizados fueron: mancozeb, profanofos, carbofurán, cymoxanil y parathion. La búsqueda obtenida comprendió aproximadamente 700 artículos, de los cuales fueron seleccionados 72 de acuerdo a los criterios de inclusión previamente definidos. Resultados: los efectos más prevalentes inducidos por los pesticidas estudiados son alteraciones en la salivación, lagrimeo, trastornos de la micción y la defecación, emesis, broncorrea, broncoespasmo, bradicardia, etc. Sin embargo, según el pesticida, existen implicaciones particulares ya sea de tipo endocrino, inmunológico o neoplásico. Conclusión: las manifestaciones clínicas de la toxicidad aguda se dan por un exceso de estimulación colinérgica, sin embargo es relevante continuar investigando la fisiopatología molecular de su intoxicación. MÉD.UIS. 2014;27(3):57-67.

Introduction: according to the World Health Organization, there are three million cases per year related to pesticide poisoning, of these, one-tenth are lethal. Most of these poisonings occur in third-world countries, even when there are less than a fifth of them available in these regions. Objective: to describe clinical symptoms of poisoning caused by prevalent neurotoxic pesticides in Colombian Andes. Materials and Methods: a systematic review was performed in databases such as Medline (PubMed), SciELO and Latindex from March to December 2013. Descriptors used were mancozeb, profanofos, carbofuran, parathion and cymoxanil. The review obtained 700 articles from which 72 were selected according to the inclusion criteria previously defined. Results: the effects induced by these pesticides are changes in salivation, lacrimation, abnormal urination and defecation, emesis, broncorrea, bronchospasm, bradycardia, etc. However, according to the pesticide, there are particular implications either endocrine, immune or neoplastic. Conclusion: clinical manifestations of acute toxicity occur by excessive cholinergic stimulation. However, it is important to continue researching the molecular pathophysiology of this kind of intoxications. MÉD.UIS. 2014;27(3):57-67.

Asma y tabaquismo, ¿Una asociación bidireccional?

El asma es una enfermedad crónica caracterizada por hiperreactividad de la vía aérea que puede desencadenarse por diversos mecanismos, entre los cuáles el tabaquismo evidencia una estrecha asociación con el desarrollo y progresión de la enfermedad pulmonar. A pesar de lo anterior, la asociación del asma en la niñez con el desarrollo del tabaquismo en la adultez no ha sido ampliamente propuesta. En general, se ha reportado que así como el tabaquismo puede preceder el asma en adultez, en otros casos el asma precede esta relación. De tal manera, los asmáticos comienzan a fumar a menor edad y entre mayor es la sintomatología, mayor el riesgo de ser fumador regular. Lo anterior sustenta una probable relación bidireccional entre el tabaquismo y el asma, a pesar que no es clara la dirección del efecto de la condición asmática sobre el hábito tabáquico. De tal forma, el propósito de la presente revisión es describir dicha asociación bidireccional entre el asma y el tabaquismo.

Asthma is a chronic disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, with specific mechanisms that trigger that hyperreactivity. Among the most studied, there is smoking, a habit which has been closely associated with the development and progression of obstructive lung disease. Few studies have examined the relationship of asthma as an associated factor for developing smoking. It has been reported that in most cases, asthma precedes smoking; asthmatics start smoking younger and do not prevent smoking (higher prevalence) and that if asthma symptoms are worse, smoking risk increases. In fact, there are many doubts about the natural history and relationship to asthma and smoking both in childhood, adolescence and adulthood. To summarize, the purpose of this review is to describe the bidirectional association between asthma and tabaquism.

Hemiparesia ipsilateral y calcificaciones en ganglios basales: Reporte de un Caso / Ipsilateral hemiparesia and calcifications in the basal ganglia: Case Report

Las calcificaciones en los ganglios basales son un hallazgo fisiológico o patológico reconocido en hasta el 0,6% de los pacientes sometidos a estudios por neuroimagen. Su etiología incluye diversas patologías de tipo metabólico, infeccioso, neoplásico, vascular, etc. Entre las causas prevalentes de calcificaciones en ganglios basales se encuentran las diferentes presentaciones de la neurocisticercosis, causada por la infección con larvas de Taenia solium. Esta enfermedad ha sido olvidada y constituye un problema de salud pública específicamente para países subdesarrollados. El objetivo del presente artículo es describir, por medio de un caso clínico, algunas características semiológicas y fisiopatológicas de la neurocisticercosis. Informe del Caso: se presenta el caso de un paciente de sexo masculino, de 57 años de edad, con hemiparesia derecha ipsilateral, calcificaciones ganglio-basales y quistes meníngeos espinales derechos por neurocisticercosis. Tras un mes de tratamiento médico con albendazol y prednisona, el paciente presenta una remisión significativa de los signos y síntomas neurológicos. Discusión: es pertinente destacar que las características de este cuadro clínico dependen de su fisiopatología y presentación clínica. Además, el médico debe poseer fundamentos sólidos de neurofisiología que permitan un adecuado diagnóstico y tratamiento de la entidad clínica, de tal manera que se reduzca la discapacidad en los pacientes.

Calcifications in the basal ganglia can be physiological or pathological findings in up to 0.6% of patients studied with neuroimagery. Their etiology includes diverse metabolic, infectious, neoplasmatic or vascular pathologies. Some relevant infectious causes of this kind of calcifications include the different clinical presentations of neurocysticercosis, a disease produced by Taenia solium's grub. This illness is considered a forgotten disease and an issue of interest in public health, especially in undeveloped countries. The purpose of this paper is to describe through a clinical case the semiological and pathophysiological manifestations of neurocysticercosis. Clinical Case Report: A case of a 57-year-old male patient, with right ipsilateral hemiparesia, basal ganglia calcifications and spinal meningeal cysts. After 1 month of pharmacological treatment with albendazole and prednisone, he presents significant diminishment of the neurological signs and symptoms. Discussion: It is mandatory to emphasize that the characteristics of this disease depend on its pathophysiology and clinical presentations of the disease. Besides, physicians should have clear knowledge of the neurophysiology that allows an accurate diagnosis and treatment of this clinical entity in order to reduce patients' handicap.

Prevalencia de signos y síntomas asociados a la exposición directa a plaguicidas neurotóxicos en una población rural colombiana en 2013 / Prevalence of signs and symptoms associated with direct exposition to neurotoxic plaguicides in a Colombian rural population in 2013

Introducción: los plaguicidas son agentes tóxicos para la salud humana. En el año 2000, Colombia era el país latinoamericano con la mayor prevalencia de intoxicaciones por pesticidas. Samacá es uno de los municipios caracterizados por su alta producción agrícola, en donde se desconoce la correlación entre la exposición directa a plaguicidas neurotóxicos y la presencia de sintomatología específica. Objetivo: determinar la presencia de sintomatología neurológica compatible con la exposición a plaguicidas usados en los cultivos de Samacá, Boyacá. Materiales y Métodos: estudio observacional analítico de corte transversal con muestreo por conveniencia de casos consecutivos. Como muestra se encuestaron 49 habitantes, por medio de un instrumento de evaluación toxicológica. Se realizó la descripción de variables sociodemográficas y clínicas de la población. Para la determinación de la asociación entre plaguicidas y síntomas, se usaron razones de prevalencia con un IC del 95%. Resultados: el 38,77% de la población encuestada reportó exposición directa a plaguicidas neurotóxicos. Se encontraron razones de prevalencia que proponían asociación para irritabilidad (RP 1,78 IC 95% 1,13-2,83; p=0,01), vértigo (RP 2,28 IC 95% 1,07-4,86; p=0,02), fosfenos (RP 2,61 IC 95% 1,03-6,64; p=0,03), epistaxis (RP 2,90 IC 95% 1,01-8,34; p=0,03), fasciculaciones, (RP 8,70 IC 95% 1,13-66,94; p=0,01) y en general por sistemas, para órganos de los sentidos (RP 1,45 IC 95% 1,05-2,00; p=0,03). Conclusiones: la irritabilidad, el vértigo, los fosfenos y los episodios de epistaxis están asociados a la exposición directa a plaguicidas neurotóxicos. Se hace necesaria una nueva visita para completar la muestra y futuros estudios que permitan ampliar el panorama neurotoxicológico colombiano. (MÉD.UIS. 2014;27(2):41-49).

Background: pesticides are toxic agents to humans. In 2000, Colombia was the Latin American country with the highest prevalence of pesticide poisoning. Samacá is one of the municipalities characterized by high agricultural production, where there is no known association between direct exposure to neurotoxic pesticides and the presence of specific symptoms. Objective: to determine the presence of neurological symptoms compatible with exposure to pesticides commonly used on crops among the inhabitants of Samacá, Boyacá. Materials and Methods: observational cross-sectional analytical study with nonrandom sampling of consecutive cases. Preliminary sample included 49 individuals, who were surveyed using a toxicological assessment tool. It was described all sociodemographic and clinical variables of the population. For the study of the association between pesticides and symptoms, prevalence ratios were used with CI 95%. Results: 38.77% reported direct exposure to neurotoxic pesticides. Prevalence ratios found association for irritability (OR 1.78 95% CI 1.13 to 2.83; p=0.01), dizziness (OR 2.28 95% CI 1.07 to 4.86; p=0.02), phosphenes (RP 2.61 95 % 1.03 to 6.64; p=0.03), epistaxis (OR 2.90 95% CI 1.01 to 8.34; p=0.03), fasciculations, (RP 8.70 IC95% 1.13-66.94; p=0.01), and special senses symptoms (OR 1.45 95% CI 1.05 to 2.00; p=0.03). Conclusions: Irritability, vertigo, phosphenes and episodes of epistaxis are associated with direct exposure to neurotoxic pesticides. It is necessary a new visit to complete the sample, and future studies to expand the neurotoxicological situation. (MÉD.UIS. 2014;27(2):41-49).

El ser médico: una perspectiva cimentada en un enfoque holístico / Being physician: a perspective based on a holistic approach

Introducción: la concepción sociocultural de cada oficio, es susceptible de modificarse con el transcurrir del tiempo. Es problemático recurrir totalmente al juramento hipocrático en tiempos contemporáneos pragmáticos donde se ha incursionado como intermediarios del mercado de la salud. La actualización científica debe realizarse conjuntamente con premisas bioéticas y conciencia sobre la actualidad de la práctica médica. Objetivo: persuadir al médico colombiano a reconocer en una era compleja, lograr prácticas en un enfoque holístico. Desarrollo: se deberá hacer a la idea en todo su ser profesional, de la inmediatez de su trabajo dejando atrás la obviedad por la que el interés económico sacrificó la equidad y la solidaridad. El médico debe laborar dentro de las discutibles ventajas del sistema y ejercer su profesionalismo al máximo; siendo recursivo sin sacrificar sus principios y del ejercicio médico en pro de controlar la enfermedad del paciente. Es vital la actualización y comprensión de preceptos bioéticos como el principio de la razón suficiente, la navaja de Occam, y el razonamiento abductivo. Conclusiones: es necesario que se reconozca en su ser profesional, contextualizándose en tiempo y lugar; donde se involucre en profesión y vocación de forma holística con los requerimientos del sistema, de sus responsabilidades y necesidades del paciente, a través de un pensamiento diagnóstico abductivo, humano y filosófico.

Introduction: the cultural conception of professions, are likely changing with the passage of time and their idiosyncrasy. It is problematic to rely blindly the Hippocratic oath in the contemporary age, where, both physicicans and patients have become intermediaries of the healthcare market. The scientific update must be performed in conjunction with specific bioethical premises with a deep awareness on current medical practice. Objective: to persuade Colombian physicians, as philosophical being, to recognize this age requires him or her to be a physician whose practice follow a holistic approach. Development: the Colombian clinician should get an idea of the professional context full of immediacy, which leave behind the obvious reason because the economic interest sacrificed equity and solidarity. Physicians have to work within the questionable benefits of the system and exercise maximum professionalism, being resourceful without sacrificing their bioethical principles and medical correct practice in favor of controlling the patient’s illness. For this, it is vitally important to update and understand bioethical precepts like the principle of sufficient reason, Occam’s razor, and abductive reasoning. Conclusions: it is necessary that Colombian physicians, acknowledged and engage within the profession and vocation in a holistic way taking into account the requirements of the system, the patient’s needs and their own commitment to this through abductive, human and philosophical diagnosis thought.

Hemiplejia infantil mixta por hemorragia en ganglios basales / Child paralyzed mixed by bleeding in basal ganglia

Introducción: la hemiplejia infantil es comúnmente producida por fenómenos de hipoxia-isquemia o de hemorragias cerebrales. En el caso de las hemorragias cerebrales, se producen hipertensión endocraneal y déficit en los mecanismos de regulación de la circulación sanguínea intra cerebral lo que ocasiona edema e isquemia cerebral además del fenómeno de masa que genera, por presión, desplazamiento del tejido cerebral. Objetivo: demostrar que la adecuada intervención fisioterapéutica y el compromiso de los padres en la rehabilitación neurológica, produce recuperación funcional motora. Caso clínico: se presenta el caso de un paciente, de género masculino y nueve meses de edad, con hemiplejia mixta del lado derecho, causada por hemorragia en los ganglios basales. Tras siete meses de fisioterapia, inicia la marcha independiente. Conclusión: es pertinente establecer que las características de este cuadro clínico, hacen de la rehabilitación adecuada la principal y mejor medida terapéutica. Además, la satisfactoria evolución del paciente produce mejoría en la calidad de vida del mismo y su familia..

Introduction: child hemiplegia phenomenon is commonly caused by hypoxia-ischemia or cerebral hemorrhages. Particularly, brain hemorrhages produce intracranial hypertension, which generates deficit in the regulation mechanisms of the intra cerebral blood flow. This deficit causes cerebral edema and ischemia in addition to the clinical chart that develops a mass phenomenon by pressure, which displaces the brain tissue. Objective: to demonstrate that an adequate physical intervention and parents’ responsibility about their son neurological improvement increases the benefits of the treatment. Clinical case: a case of a nine-month-old male patient, with mixed hemiplegia on the right side, caused by bleeding in the basal ganglia. After seven months of physiotherapy, the patient starts independent walking. Conclusion: it is pertinent to establish the characteristics of this clinical outcome, shows the adequate rehabilitation as the best and main therapeutic option. Besides, a satisfactory evolution produces improvement in life quality of the patient and his family..